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Immobilization of the patient for fractures

The correct immobilization for fractures of the patient is the key to quick recovery. Bruises, injuries, sprains, fractures - no one is immune. When transporting the victim to the hospital is necessary to properly fix the injury, a process called immobilization.

problema pereloma

The establishment of a stationary state of rest when the damage is usually of two types - for transportation and treatment. With various injuries, depending on the parts of the body, is fixation in different ways. The most important thing in this process not to forget about the condition of the patient. And even in case of using of improvised means you need to be mindful not to overtighten the wound and as soon as possible deliver the victim to the hospital.

Proper transport

Here are the most common types of immobilization:

vidy perelomov

  1. Kramer tire for immobilization of the shoulder. Better the entire process to describe the victim, that he knew how to undergo the procedure. Calm patient is easier to immobilize. You need to determine the length of the future tire, measuring means at hand the place where it overlaps. Be sure to record a little above and below the joints. From the phalangeal joints to the elbow joint need a splint at a right angle. Followed by the immobilization between the shoulder and elbow joints. Here the tire to bend at an angle of 110 degrees. In order to avoid bedsores, in places where there are bones, you need to put cotton wool. The ends of such a bus link and is fixed through a healthy shoulder.
  2. Fixation for injuries of your fingers or a brush. When there is a suspected bone fracture is pain, swelling of the place of injury, bruising or inability to move the limb, it is necessary to create proper fixation of the victim. This would help avoid complications and displacement of the fracture. For the immobilization of these injuries use a ladder, plastic or pneumatic tyres. Ladder splint is bent at 90 degrees and attached to the arm so that the angle coincides with the elbow, all wrapped by cotton wool and bandage. A pneumatic tire put on the damaged area and inflated it. The main thing that the tire is correctly recorded injured part and do not overtighten it. Need to remember not to apply a tourniquet or a splint directly on the open wound.
  3. Proper immobilization with fractures and injury of the upper extremities and shoulder girdle. You need to fix the shoulder joint so that the tire is reached the blades and not rested in the neck. You can apply the stair bus, but the main thing is not to forget to put cotton wool under the joints, or canto develop pressure ulcers during transport. If there is suspected fracture of the forearm, it will need a fixation at the elbow joint.

Other injuries and ways to appropriate transport of the patient

fiksirovanie pri perelome nogi

  1. For injuries of the lower extremities is necessary to consider many nuances of immobilization. Such injuries as fractures in hip or femur, dislocated knee joints or injuries of the skin and muscles require proper and timely immobilization.

For fixation of fractures of the hip or knee joints suitable distraction bus. Splint so that one end rested on the arm, and the second extends to the edge of the sole, preferably longer 5 to 10 cm in order to fix the splint for the foot. If you do not commit with a foot the tyre will slide. On top of the tire is superimposed on a layer of cotton wool, and after all bandaged. If the injury has deployed axis of the limb, it is necessary to put the victim and pull the leg until it is parallel to the bus.

After the manipulation to make the overlay wool and a bandage. If the damage or fracture only in the region of the knee joint, you don't have to fix the whole foot, only a couple of flights of tires. For such injuries may also be used pneumatic tyre. The main thing is to position the limb so that the damage was in the middle. Then lock the bus lock and inflate. If the health of the tires, you can use any other available means desired length. Only when there are no suitable available tools, you can use the method of immobilization in which both feet are fixed to each other. To convey such affected person as quickly as possible and to apply it already therapeutic immobilization.

vidy perelomov pozvonochnika

  1. For fractures of the tibia is more commonly used pneumatic tyre. It can be applied even on top of clothing, so there is less likelihood of pressure sores and squeezing. The main thing is to correctly position the heel on the inside of the tyre in a special recess, to fix the zipper and inflate. If no pneumatic tires, you can use a ladder. It is prepared so that there was a 90 degree angle, which is stop. Thus, it is possible to fix the splint to the leg, not forgetting to shift wool.

When the wound is extensive or suspected fracture, it is better to put a couple of flights of tires, additionally fixing the damaged area. In the same way is applied and a plastic splint. Don't forget that the fracture site, under any circumstances, do not need to tighten andwin. When a fracture or injury occurred in the ankle, toe or foot, it is possible not to record the entire leg as a whole. Enough splint below the knee joint to the fingertips and bandage, pre-paving joints with cotton wool. When there is no tire you can use the materials at hand, suitable cardboard, planks, solid rods or sticks. Such immobilization is better to make over clothes or to avoid pinching, or squeezing of soft tissues.

immobilizaciya podruchnymi sredstvami

  1. In the case of fracture of the lower jaw, too, is to lock it for transport of the patient. Used for the immobilization of the vehicle tire. Such injuries are mostly used specialized tires and other retention tools. The main thing for first aid is to take measures in order not to cluttered the passage of air to the patient, and he could breathe freely.
  2. We would like to tell you about the features of immobilization in children. Depending on the injuries all of the above applies to young patients, but for children the main thing - attention and care. Young victims before immobilization need to calm down and tell in detail how to pass one or the other fixing the damage, and what does it do. So the kids will understand that for their own good it is better to spin less and not be afraid of splints and bandages.

All the above relates to first aid and called - transport immobilization. The proper splinting and fixation of fractures, injuries and damage depends on the further treatment.

You also need to remember that the time of immobilization for fractures should be minimal.

The sooner the victim is taken to a specialized center, the hospital, the more likely a speedy recovery.

Stages of work when transporting a patient

shina krameraHere are some basic rules for effective immobilization.

First, the superimposition of tyres should be done as soon as possible after injury or trauma, this will reduce the probability of displacement of bone and accelerate the healing of wounds. After proper and quick transport immobilization, of course, it all depends on the severity of the injury, the probability of the operation is reduced by several times.

Second, splinting is best done directly into clothes and shoes, so as not to cause unnecessary discomfort to the patient taking them. The less the victim moves, the greater the probability of correctly fixing the damaged area. Applying tire on clothing gives additional cushioning on the joints and reduces the chance of pulling vessels, which can lead tonumbness, bleeding.

Thirdly, further under the bus, you need to put cotton or another soft substrate, special attention is paid to places where there are joints and bones stick out.

Fourth, in the case of open wounds need to start to cut clothes to see the wound, disinfect it, and impose aseptic bandage and then carry out the immobilization. The same applies to bleeding. Before applying the fixing splints and bandages need to put pressure on it.

lechenie pereloma v bolniceNot to forget about the note, indicating the time when the tourniquet was applied. Without this information there is the possibility of exsanguination of the limb for a period when there may come necrosis.

Fifth, it is impossible to draw the bandage the tourniquet. To avoid numbness of the extremities, bleeding and pinched vessels need to fix the splint is not too tight.

Sixthly, when the temperature of the air is below zero Celsius, it is better to take care of additional warmth the affected.

Seventh, the tyre size should be sufficient to lock at least two knuckles, this will allow to immobilize the damaged area and deliver the victim with minimal losses.

Therapeutic immobilization

This procedure is usually performed by the physician. The patient with fracture or dislocation apply plaster or fix the damaged area until complete healing or fusion of the bones. Terms full recovery can range from weeks to years, everything depends on the complexity of the injuries.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LAGSrwDYDrk

Correct diagnosis and prompt and efficient mobilization can prevent the operation and the period of rehabilitation of the patient is significantly reduced.