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A compression fracture of the spine: basic effects

One of the most serious damage of the musculoskeletal apparatus is a compression fracture of the spine the effects of such injuries can lead to disability. She turns with a sharp shock, falls from a height on his feet, the wrong distribution of load in sports. Another cause of fracture of the spine can become severe stage of osteoporosis - a disease associated with calcium deficiency.

problema pereloma pozvonochnika

Simple compression fracture often goes unrecognized. He has no symptoms and does not affect the function of the spine. But sleduet to remember that any, even minor damage to the spine can not go unnoticed. What is a compression fracture? The title of this trauma comes from the word “compression” - compression. A fracture occurs when compression of one or more vertebrae, they usually squeezed in the front, giving them a wedge shape, deform and crack. When a serious fracture of the posterior wall of the vertebra may damage the spinal cord. Compression fractures usually occur in the lumbar and thoracic spine.

Injuries at the Department often compressed 11 and 12 vertebrae, so as because of the peculiarities of the structure of the spine it is on them that we have the greatest davlenie. In uncomplicated fractures of the spine good effect osteopathy. Special techniques help to relieve pain and strengthen the muscular frame.

kompressionnyj perelom v poyasnichnom otdeleIn the lumbar more pressure falls on the first vertebra, the destruction just can significantly damage the spinal nerves.

Compression fractures of the cervical vertebrae are rare, mainly in older people. Such trauma may occur as a result of a car accident, shock or falling from a great height.

Classification of fractures of the spine

The extent of damage to vertebrae injuries can be 1, 2 or 3 degrees. Class of fracture depends on the degree of reduction of the spine if it is damaged. Revealed similar injury x-ray examination. If the picture can be seen a small reduction of the vertebra, we are talking about the turn 1 degree. If the vertebrae is shifted by half - has 2 injury severity. At lower vertebra more than half of the fracture is assigned a 3 degree.

The least dangerous is the injury of 1 degree. Its the easiest to heal completely. Such fractures are rarely complicated, so the treatment almost always bringspositive results. The most important is timely access to a doctor. Self-medication in this case will bring only harm. Even a small spinal cord injury can lead to the development of osteoporosis. In the uncomplicated injury the patient feels pain in the area of the damaged vertebra. Complicated fracture leads to severe neurological disorders, the severity of which is determined by the degree of compression of the vertebra and bone marrow damage.

Consequences of compression fractures of the spine

transportirovka postradavshego s perelomom pozvonochnika

The main consequences of such injuries can be attributed to the emergence of mobility of the vertebrae, curvature of the spine, degenerative disc disease, a neurological disease. About the danger of fractures of this kind knows, probably, everyone. The injured vertebra compresses the bone marrow and blood vessels. This leads to a loss of sensitivity of the hands and feet, sciatica and even paralysis. The most dangerous is the fracture in which bone fragments are formed that are able to penetrate spinal cord. Consequences that are sometimes irreversible.

The main danger of compression fractures is that the nerve endings can be damaged after some time after the occurrence of the trauma. Broken vertebrae gradually constricts the medullar canal. Over time, this leads to the development of loss of sensation and reduced mobility of the limbs. Uncomplicated fractures may not be as prominent symptoms, however, can also weaken the vertebrae. One of the major consequences of vertebral compression fracture is a deformity of the spine. It is mainly for injuries of the upper division. A consequence of this curvature may be the growth of the hump.

Compression fracture of the spine: signs

rentgenologicheskoe issledovanie pozvonochnikaThe main feature of such injuries are severe or moderate pain. They are particularly pronounced when driving. Over time, growing weakness and even paralysis of the limbs. X-ray examination revealed wedge-shaped vertebra, damage to its front end, the increasing distance between the vertebrae, narrowing of the spinal canal, intervertebral disc deformation.

In children, this fracture is more difficult to diagnose . Sometimes it's not Jaro symptoms. To detect such a fracture is possible only with careful probing and on x-rays. Injured place can be determined by slight pressure on the head orof the forearm. When the spine fracture, the child feels pain in the injured area. In complicated fractures, the pain will be more pronounced. In addition, the child may feel shortness of breath, muscle stiffness, pain in the abdomen.

Treatment of spinal compression fractures

First aid is to ensure the fixing of the damaged vertebra. In the treatment of these injuries must follow a strict protective regime. Fixation of the injured Department of a vertebrae is carried out using special corsets. Prevent pain by using analgesics. Good effect in the treatment of fractures provides physical therapy and massage. These methods help strengthen the muscles and to avoid the occurrence of bedsores. In the treatment of the child is necessary to reduce the load on his spine. First time requires the observance of complete rest. Then made a hood and adjustment.

korset pri kompressionnyh perelomah pozvonochnika Corset in compression fractures, it is recommended to wear in case of damage of more than 3 vertebrae and compound fractures. Recovery from such injuries includes physiotherapy, massage back. Due to the rapid tissue repair, the rehabilitation period in children lasts much less and ends favorably. But to restore all the functions of the spine requires at least 2 years. In complicated fractures may require surgical intervention.

Vertebroplasty - an advanced method of surgical treatment of spinal injuries, implying the restoration of function of the vertebrae. Through a puncture in the region of the damaged site introduced a special tool with which the inside of the vertebrae is introduced a medical cement, restoring the vertebra. The operation lasts approximately 60 minutes, is performed under local anesthesia and fluoroscopic control. The effectiveness of the procedure up to 90%.

The postoperative period requires adherence to strict bed rest during the first day after surgery.

Within a few days is not recommended to make sudden movements. Very often the patient is prescribed painkillers. Overall, vertebroplasty allows you to return to your usual lifestyle much sooner.

Rehabilitation postcompression spinal injury involves binding specific exercises. Some of them can be done at home, however, it is best to perform them under the supervision of a physician. In the first days after the injury you need to perform exercises aimed at improving the functioning of the intestines and respiratory system. In addition, the necessary exercisespreservation of muscle mass.

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In the following months, perform exercises that strengthen the muscular frame. At the same time it is necessary to extend the range of performed movements. The load increase due to the introduction of additional exercises. In the next stage, preparing the spine to the vertical loads. At the final stage of the recovery period of exercise performed in a standing position. Thus, a compression fracture at present does not lead to a complete change of lifestyle, modern medicine copes with its consequences.