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How to provide first aid for a fractured forearm?

The first aid in fractures of the forearm often becomes the primary motivating factor in further and successful treatment. And if you take the total fractures, 25% of all cases accounted for by a fracture of the forearm.

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This is mainly due to falls, so as to get such an injury from a blow, force should be made hefty. For help often turn people who engage in sports where the risk of striking (e.g., Boxing). Also patients this category are people who have been in a traffic accident, or those who have been in combat or disaster.

In addition to these reasons, fracture of the forearm can be the consequence of inadequate diet, genetic bone disease, osteoporosis, or be a result of the reduction of muscle mass. All these factors contribute to selection of treatment methods. Nevertheless, the first aid in all cases is the same.

The symptoms of fracture of the forearm

Forearm fracture has certain symptoms by which to recognize the injury:

  • in the area where the injury occurred, the soft tissue will start to swell;
  • in a closed fracture the outer shape of the shoulder will be modified, and when open there will be a gap up the soft tissues to expose bones;
  • formed hematoma;
  • the injury is accompanied by severe pain, which can make the movement of the forearm or touch it almost impossible.

nalozhenie povyazki na predplecheMaking a provisional diagnosis, a physician can navigate to other additional characteristics that will help him determine the type of fracture. The fact is, from what and to what extent the affected bone will depend on the severity of the injury, and ways of treating it.

  1. If affected by elbow section, the main features would shift to the elbow region. Additional symptom here would be the acquisition of skin the blue tint. If you ask the patient straighten the forearm, and he can't, then you can suspect the displacement of the bones, or rather their fragments.
  2. If you have suffered head and/or neck radius, then there will be observed the identical signs. The pain will be felt below the elbow to bend or straighten the hand is extremely difficult, moreover, such movement will be accompanied by severe pain. Also, these feelings will be stronger, if asked to move the forearm towards the body.
  3. There is such a thing as a violation of the diaphyseal ulna. In this case, palpation of the injured forearm on the sides or axial loadthere will be severe pain. This injury is often accompanied by the presence of debris, causing the rotation of the forearm becomes extremely difficult.

Very often, a fracture of the forearm is accompanied not only by strain but also by the shortening of the limb. Therefore, it is important to the person with such an injury to be able to correctly render medical aid until the EMTs arrive.

First aid

In this case, the pattern of action is similar to actions that are in other fractures. You first need to deal with the pain, as each person has his own pain threshold, so some people are just in pain losing consciousness. And it's not always good. The first action is as follows:

shema pereloma predplechya

  1. Initially you should call the ambulance, until she will reach the location of the victim, others will be able to do a basic CPR.
  2. Next, you need to give a strong analgesic that helps relieve pain. But the remedy must be very strong, so the ordinary Analgin will not help here. Again, if the person is conscious, you must find out if any allergies he's on certain medications. Otherwise, except for the fracture and anaphylactic shock.
  3. After that you need to splint it.

It is imposed only on the back side of the limb, from the tips of the fingers to 1/3 of the length of the shoulder. It is important that such a procedure was performed in a knowledgeable person, otherwise incorrectly applied the tire may lead to complications. Firstly, by displacement of the blood vessels can cause death of living tissue. Secondly, the fixation of the limb must also be conducted properly, otherwise the patient is easier to feel constant pain.

If a person has an open fracture, the wound must be closed in order to avoid infection. For such purposes use only sterile material.

After all the measures taken, the ambulance transports the victim to a medical facility, and there are already specialists provide expert assistance.

Medical aid for fractures of the forearm

In the hospital in the first place, the victim is directed to an x-ray.

It allows you to determine the form of the fracture, the degree and severity. In most cases, treatment takes the form of a plaster bandage, but the wear time here will be determined individually. Each case requires its own approach.
transportnaya immobilizaciya pri perelome kostej predplechya

  1. If the fracture has not occurredthe displacement of the ulna or coronoid process, a plaster cast is worn for 3-4 weeks. The arm is fixed in a bent position so that the elbow was 90°. In the opposite case, when the offset exceeds 1.5 cm, the doctor will conduct additional fixation of the broken bone. It uses the osteosynthesis, which will mostly be in the form of plates.
  2. Surgical intervention may be appointed in cases where one bone is joined to another. For example, the coronoid process in the elbow joint.
  3. In the injury of the neck and/or head of the radial bone to the splint applied for 3 weeks.

If the fracture has occurred the displacement of the fragments, and in this case we will use a fusion. Surgery is performed only in the case if, as a consequence injuries have occurred with the fragmentation of the head.

For a month the plaster is overlaid in that case, if there is a violation of the diaphysis, but the offset is missing. If it still occurs, then you must perform a reposition of fragments. In this case, the period is increased to 1.5 months. Then according to the rules of the plaster cast is applied so that it covers, in addition to the injured area, even the elbow to the wrist joints. The very extremity is fixed in a bent form.

The severity of such a fracture will determine the need for surgery.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGfS1dLV8w0

If there is a fracture of the diaphysis of both bones, but displacement is not observed, the plaster is imposed for 2 months. The hand is fixed in a bent state. In the opposite case, again, you will need to carry out reposition of fragments, and only allowed the imposition of a plaster bandage.

Sometimes doctors replace gypsum intraosseous, plate or outer metal. This method is used in cases when there is a lot of debris and can be removed only through surgical intervention. Then the bandage is applied in 12 weeks.

Additional points

There is a kind of fracture, as the injury of Montega. In this case, the affected branch of the ulnar nerve. From that which way went the wreckage, and will depend on the help. When the flexion of the fracture (the bones are moved back) return the head to its place, and then a plaster. When the extensor fracture (bone is shifted forward, the arm is fixed in the position in which it is, and only a month later the palm attach to the desired position. Accordingly, in the second case, the plaster will have to apply twice for a month each.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DrgsWZljhQ

To rehabilitation were faster, the patient is best to take vitamin complexes, which include calcium. This substance not only promotes regeneration of bones, but additionally strengthensand entire skeletal system. In addition, the success of the recovery depends on the patient, how he is responsible for all instructions of your doctor.