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Diagnosis and treatment of kidney injury

Kidney injury is a rare phenomenon in medicine, as this internal body is well protected from the ribs and dorsal muscles. More often the audience is injury of the head, limbs (legs, arms) and various divisions of the spine.

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Internal renal injury and its symptoms

Kidney injury can occur in people as a result of a blow with a blunt object in the body or due to falling on his back. Because of these injuries occur undeformation soft tissue damage, followed by injury to internal organs. Reasons for such injuries may be different, but most often such injuries are athletes in the fall, people are injured in an accident or have suffered various injuries.

If a person had kidney injury, the damage can be different fields, including:

  • the upper section;
  • the lower part;
  • vascular pedicle;
  • body (main part) of the kidney.

klassifikaciya povrezhdenij pochkiAn important factor is the strength of the incident shock and its orientation. In addition, it is necessary to consider localization impact, the development of the muscles of a person and peculiarities of its physiological structure (the exact location of the kidney). Need to account for the fat layer thickness, the density of the bowel and pressure in the abdomen.

Characteristic signs of this injury are manifested rather quickly. While they can be called such as the deterioration of the General condition of health of the patient and a sharp stabbing pain in the damaged area. If the injury was very strong, then the urine will be observed impurities in the blood. This indication is evidence of the power of the incident shock.

In addition, in the lumbar region and hypochondrium, you may receive the swelling. In the case when trauma is accompanied by internal bleeding into the soft tissues of the lower back formed a hematoma, which can spread to the peritoneum.

The severity of the injury

Modern medicine distinguishes between several degrees of severity of kidney damage. They are divided into light, medium and heavy shape. When the diagnosis of mild stages of trauma patients has been a slight violation of health, pain in the lumbar region will be moderate in nature and do not cause a lot of discomfort. Irritability of the peritoneum and bruises will not be present, and the hematuria will be short-term.

stepeni ushibov pochekThe average force of impact from the affected person increases his heart rate (speeds up heart rate) andlowers blood pressure. During urination will be blood, but this phenomenon will have a moderate character. In addition, you will break the function of allocation of urine (dysuria). In some cases there is a complete stop of urination. Tumors in the lumbar region will have a pronounced character.

This degree of gravity is characterized by mild pain, which is of a wandering nature. Pain may occur in the groin, genitals or lower abdomen. If the ureter of the patient will accumulate blood clots, it will cause renal colic. When such symptoms the treatment is performed only in a hospital under the supervision of a physician.

While receiving renal injury moderate and severe the patient will appear nausea, followed by vomiting. The skin will have a pale hue, and in the lower part of the abdomen will appear nagging feeling. Not to mention a strong urinary retention, which may cause paresis of the intestine and increased body temperature.

Severe trauma causes a collapse and shock.

Also he will experience severe pain in the damaged region that will be most strong at the site of injury. Moreover, there will be bleeding during urination, which will gradually increase. Such patients subjected to immediate hospitalization to prevent death.

Diagnosis of internal injuries

uzi pochekIn order to determine the diagnosis and to identify the severity of the injury, you should seek the advice of to specialists. They not only provide emergency care but will be able to conduct quality inspection and to establish the exact nature of the injury. To accomplish this task, the doctors resort to laboratory diagnosis.

Diagnostics allows to detect the hemodynamic performance of the patient. Based on these indicators physicians select the optimum method of treatment. If the figures obtained will have a negative trend, affected assigned to the comprehensive inspection of the body.

Initially assigned validation using laboratory techniques in which a sample of urine for analysis. Such a study allows to reveal in it the presence of blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit level.

Next is the instrumental diagnostics, which includes x-ray, ultrasound (sonography), computed tomography (MRI) and angiography. With this as the main method of diagnosis used x-ray inspection. It allows you to obtain a radiograph which points to the localization of damage and the degreehis gravity. In addition, such a diagnosis will reveal the presence of haematomas, especially in the area of the peritoneum, and the presence of concomitant fractures.

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Very good and informative way is the ultrasound, it is performed by scanning the damaged area. With ultrasound you can determine the resulting changes in the renal structure. Ultrasound allows to precisely establish the location of internal bruises. In addition, using ultrasound to see whether patients surgery or do drug treatments.

Methods of treatment of internal injury

bandazh posle operativnogo vmeshatelstvaMost often, renal injury requires no particular treatment methods. The main rule to be observed patients during treatment, it comply with bed rest and reduction in physical activity. Of course, the optimum conditions of treatment can be obtained only in a hospital. Moreover, the hospital for sick person will be under constant supervision of experts. This will prevent various complications that may arise in the course of the treatment.

In those cases, when traditional treatment methods fail to obtain positive results is assigned to surgery. This can be facilitated by several factors, among which we can highlight the difficulty of determining the degree of severity of the disease and the extent of spread of neoplastic processes.

Also the reason for surgery can be extravasation of urine, a large area of damage to soft tissues and kidney. Physicians should consider the area of necrotic tissue and the rate of expansion of the hematoma on the affected area.

In the case when the patient has hematuria will have a pronounced doctors should set it to the catheter. To improve overall health and relieve the buildup of pain, can be prescribed painkillers. As pain is a preference for various forms of analgesics. To enhance the effectiveness of analgesics they are administered by intravenous way.

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Immediately after the trauma on the damaged area it is recommended to put cold items (ice, frozen food, etc.). Such action will not only reduce pain but also to remove neoplastic processes. To the kidneys are not heavily loaded during treatment, you need to reduce the amount of fluid consumption during the day. In addition, it is necessary to refuse physical activity.

After conducting suchevents over several days is recommended to change the basic method of treatment. Cold compresses should be changed to a warm bandage. This will help to disperse bruising and swelling on the surrounding tissues. Effective electrophoresis, UHF and magnetic therapy.