How to treat a fracture of the talus?

Talar dome fracture - this injury, which disrupted the anatomical integrity of a bone that is part of the Tarsus (the back part of the foot). The anatomical education, which in everyday life is called a heel, actually consists of several articulated with each other the bones: calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, and three cuneiform.

Talus for convenience, the classification of injuries is divided into three parts: head, block, and rear portions. This is the largest bone in the foot after the heel, and its fracture is extremely hard to bear man. According to various estimates, from 10 to 30% of cases of fractures of the talus leads to disability of the victim. This bone daily experiences a heavy load, distribute the weight of the person with the tibia in all the bones of the shank.

Fractures of the talus occur infrequently, all of the fractures it is only 1%, however, due to its specific location and characteristics of blood supply of healing requires specialized rehabilitation. Usually the cause of the injury serve as a car accident, a failed landing on your feet when jumping, falling from a height. Peculiarities of damage to bone at different mechanical effects:

• if a strong bending breaks the neck bone, the most thin part;
• with the strong load from the top, in the fall of bone crushed between the calcaneus and the tibia, comminuted fracture occurs; this process is called compression fracture;
• when excessive bending of the sole injured rear portions;
• in flexion with eversion outward suffers the block of the talus.

Frequency of injuries the most popular is the fracture, the second place - a fracture block and the rear appendage is suffering less than others. After a fracture the risk of complications. Serious consequences such as necrosis, may develop in this area due to poor blood supply. When fragmentation of the talus bone fragments can knit together very slowly, which limits the mobility of the person for a long time. How to determine if a fracture?

The signs of fracture of the talus

The victim feels pain in the ankle joint at once, especially when moving the big toe. After a short time the swelling of the damaged area, which extends across the dorsum of the foot. A person can not use the foot as a support and to move independently without support. In fractures with displacement or combination of fracture and dislocation, the foot is visually deformed. Alone at homeconditions to determine which bone is the man broken, it is not possible because symptoms of the fracture of the talus is nonspecific. Emergency care should include the following activities:

• to put the victim so that the leg was not the load, to lift the foot with the help of a chair or other furniture with the bearing on the belt;
• very carefully remove their shoes and socks;
• to call the ambulance;
• if possible, gently applying the ice pack or bottle of ice water from the fridge on the injury; we should avoid direct contact of ice with skin, it is best to wrap a package of cloth;
• you can give the victim any narcotic analgesic;
• calmly wait for an ambulance, do not leave the man alone, to keep the conversation going.

If the fracture occurred outside the home, do not allow a person to step on the injured leg, otherwise it can change the position of bones and bone fragments relative to each other, to cause damage to the surrounding soft tissues and blood vessels. A person can take on his hands, slung over his shoulder, and carry you to a safe place or just sit on the ground, lifting the leg that was not support on the heel. Then call an ambulance. At the regional fracture or the fracture of the talus possible slight pain. The victim may imagine that this injury, and not to address to the traumatologist. Belated recourse fractures of the talus is fraught with the withering away of bone tissue, necrosis. What is the prognosis, if people went to the emergency room immediately?

Treatment of a fracture of the talus

The first thing that gets people with a fracture, once in a medical facility, it anesthesia with an injection of Morphine or Promedola. Because of the arrangement of the talus is the easiest way to get an accurate diagnosis is not in inspection and palpation, and x-ray in lateral projection. Compound fractures to determine the specific location of the bone is computed tomography, showing how injured joints, tendons and surrounding soft tissue. After the diagnosis is determined, the surgeon selects the treatment strategy and assess the need for surgery.

Conservative treatment is immobilization of the bones of the foot using plaster up to the moment of the talus will not restore its integrity. In mild cases, it takes from two to six months. The entire period of man is not to rely on the healing foot, be sureto use crutches. The plaster boot is inserted a mechanical arch support. If the fracture occurred crushing of bone, the treatment can be only operative. Modern developments allow for osteosynthesis - the establishment of specialized structures for holding of bone fragments in such a situation, in which the most possible their consolidation. In fractures of the neck of the talus first treatment method that is applied is manual reduction under anesthesia, after which a plaster. Minimum wear bandage in case of such an injury is four to six months. What complications can cause incorrect splicing of bone fractures?

Complications of fracture of the talus

Necrosis - most common complication of fractures of the talus, leading to the inability to rely on the leg. Extensive swelling and chronic pain severely impairs the quality of human life. Causes of necrosis: damage to the blood vessels, the withering away of bone tissue, of infection.

Another complication is the violation of correct operation of the ankle joint. With early diagnosis of complications the prognosis for recovery remains positive. To prevent complications you need to take responsibility for all rehabilitation activities and to pick up a really competent physician.

Recovery after injury

The period during which bones are fused and restore its structural integrity blood vessels, is always dependent on the age and individual characteristics of a particular person. The attending physician, guided by x-rays, fix the time for removal of plaster. Patients offered rehab, which will allow you to develop ankle joint and the mobility of all of the toes. Usually therapy includes:

• therapeutic massage their hands, with the help of loved ones or a professional therapist;
• physiotherapy;
• physiotherapy;
• simple exercises for development of mobility.

To prevent complications it is impossible to load the leg too much. In the case of fracture of the talus load allowed six months after the injury, if suffered block bone - in nine months. Compression fractures are treated individually. To monitor the recovery of patients are all patients with fractures of the talus. Clinical and radiological monitoring of victims is organized at the hospital once a month.

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To prevent the development of necrosis is sometimes recommended wearingorthopedic Shoe.

The survivors of this injury as a fracture of the talus should be careful about appearing pain in the foot, so that in case of development of pathological processes in a timely manner to seek help.