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If the threat of an elbow dislocation?

Dislocation of the elbow joint - the process in which committed the dislocation of the radius and ulna. According to statistics, this injury is among the most common hand injuries. The explanation of this phenomenon may be the fact that the upper limbs performed a variety of motor functions, so that they are constantly under the influence of strong physical exertion. Injury or persistent flexion-extension movement badly affect the General condition of the elbow.

problema vyviha loktevogo sustava

The pathogenesis of the disease

Dislocation of the elbow joint - the process of removal of the two main bones of the forearm from the junction with the lower end of the humerus. The elbow joint is a place where the three bones meet. The problem in this place uncommon.

Specific serious injuries that accompany the dislocation, can also include bone fractures, damage to the integrity of blood vessels, disturbance of the nerves passing through this area of the body, reduced mobility and susceptibility of the limb. With dislocation of the elbow joint is almost always affected one or both bones of the forearm. Today, modern medicine klassificeret three types of this disease:

  • divergent dislocations;
  • isolated dislocations;
  • injury dislocation of both bones of the forearm.

Causes and symptoms of trauma

mehanizm vyvihov loktevogo sustavaMainly, this dislocation may develop due to closed injuries from a fall on an outstretched hand. Damage often happens during a random drawing hand (often seen in children under 3 years).

During the impact in the area of the elbow joint dislocation occurs relating to an open hand injury. Many dislocations of the elbow observed during road accidents have injured pedestrians and passengers. In this injury, the patient may experience these symptoms:

  • swelling of the damaged elbow;
  • the increase in body temperature;
  • the occurrence of severe pain at the elbow, which is increased even with mild hand movement;
  • numbness and decreased sensation in the affected arm;
  • the absence of a pulse down my arm;
  • chills and high fever;
  • changing the shape of the elbow joint;
  • paralysis of the hand and fingers of the damaged hand.

Patients who have undergone this trauma can have serious complications, during which the torn joint capsule or damage the brachial artery. In such a situation it is important to have surgery, because this method will succeedto restore mobility and work damaged hands.

First aid, diagnosis and treatment

obrashenie s vyvihom k vrachuWhat should follow is the rule that States: do not harm the victim. Self-reduction is strictly forbidden. To make any movement in the damaged joint is also impossible. Immobilization tires are better to be put in moderation. Any extra movement can cause the violation of an artery or nerve passing around joints.

The damaged arm should be hanging on a cloth-dressing. Patient should take pain medication.

Before the arrival of an ambulance need to determine heart rate and to put pressure on the nail plate fingers of the paralyzed hand (if they brightened and began again the pink color (about 3 seconds), then that's fine).

In the case that pulse was not found, and the color of the nail plates were not recovered, you should immediately seek medical help. To determine happened if the dislocation, is a special diagnostic method is radiography. If there was nerve damage, is electromyography.

The most important treatment will be the immediate reduction of the dislocation under General anesthesia. After reduction is performed applying a plaster splint from the middle third of the shoulder to the underwire on the brush. The term of such documentation is up to 10 days (sometimes 7 days). After a short immobilization of conducted rehabilitation activities. The total duration of treatment dislocation without complications lasts up to 1 week.

tehnika zakrytogo vpravleniya vyvihaSometimes, during such a hand injury nerve damage happen. This phenomenon requires special treatment by a neurologist. Complete rupture of the nerves in surgery.

If damaged arteries or blood circulation in the arm after reduction, are also required surgery.

His task is to restore circulation to the injured limb.

For a short week-long period of time from immobilization are transferred to the movements in the fingers.

The main regeneration activities are carried out immediately after removing the plaster with his hands.

Next, the doctor may prescribe physical therapy: ultrasound, magnetic therapy and other methods. Course duration: from 10 to 15 sessions. Conducting heat procedures when the dislocation is not recommended as this can cause the elbow joint to ossification (the deposition of calcium salts and other substances of bone tissue outside of bones). Such deposits could result from limiting the amount of movement of the joint.

Permitted to do massage, but only in the shoulder area andof the forearm. Such procedure, but already at the elbow joint, is to make late recovery period (4-6 weeks). Since the removal of a plaster bandage is focused on the development of movements in the damaged place.

Approximate program of physical therapy

uprazhneniya dlya loktevogo sustavaPossible exercises:

  1. Brushes should be close to the "castle" and do a motion similar to throwing rods. You need to change the "lock" position: first start behind the right ear, and then left.
  2. To do the same exercise, but to throw you need to have a head.
  3. The patient may try to close his hands behind his back.
  4. The brush should have a head, to close of them, to stretch, to spread such a "lock" need palms up.
  5. Roll on a hard surface baby machine, while by moving at the elbow joint.
  6. Ball game.
  7. The development of rotational movements in the area of the forearm. Bend the joint in logte to 90 degree angle and then move the forearm around its axis.

To do each exercise 10 to 20 times a day, you can do 3 to 4 reps. 2 weeks to do gymnastics in the pool or salt water. Physical load weighing over 7 kg are allowed 2 months after the injury.

Before discharge the patient, the attending physician (trauma surgeon or orthopedic surgeon) will be able to advise him about conduct in everyday life. Casts need to wear as much as is required. To bend or do any movement at the elbow joint damaged hands is not recommended. Sometimes you need to lift the arm at the elbow joint and apply something cold to help reduce pain and swelling.

To prevent the dislocation of the elbow can only method of eliminating the possibility of falling on the hand. Situations that increase the risk of falling (e.g., walking on a slippery floor, particularly in the winter, slippery steps) should be kept to a minimum.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txDvdzkNmMw

In predominant part of cases, the prognosis for this disease is positive. Since the observation (about 3-5 days), your doctor may suggest you start to do some simple exercises that will be useful for an elbow joint. Typically, unwanted effects after the rehabilitation process is not concerned about the patient.